双语微党课 | 中央红军开始长征

In early September 1934, the KMT army stepped up their attacks at the heart of the central revolutionary base area.Under such a barrage of attacks, all possibility of the Red Army turning the tide of battle disappeared. In October, the CPC Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission led more than 86,000 troops that constituted the main forces of the Central Red Army on a long journey to enable a strategic shift. It was an unprecedented move.

1934年9月上旬，国民党军队加紧对中央革命根据地腹地发动进攻，红军已无在原地扭转战局的可能。10月，中共中央、中革军委率中央红军主力 8.6万多人，踏上战略转移的漫漫征程，开始了世界历史上前所未有的壮举。

中央红军长征出发纪念碑

As they implemented the strategic shift and aimed to break through the encirclement, the leaders of the Central Committee, who had been making “Leftist” errors, committed the error of fleeing as they retreated,so that the strategic shift was reduced to a kind of house-moving operation as they took printing machines, military industrial machines and other bulky equipment with them. The entire army of more than 80,000 people marched through narrow mountain paths. It was so overcrowded that it often took a night to cross one mountain pass.

原来推行“左”倾错误的中央领导人，在实行这次突围和战略转移的时候，又犯了退却中的逃跑主义错误，并且把战略转移变成搬家式的行动，随军带上印刷机器、军工机器等笨重的器材。全军8万多人在山中羊肠小道上行进，拥挤不堪，常常是一夜只过一个山坳。

“搬家式”行军

The KMT “pursuing” army amounted to 16 divisions and 77 regiments, and four blockade lines were set up. As they broke through the fourth blockade at the Xiang River, and under attack by the KMT Hunan Army and the Guangxi Army, the Red Army troops were about to make a great sacrifice.The Red 34th Division, which was responsible for covering other Red Army units as they crossed the river, was down to fewer than 1,000 men. The division was alone and caught in the encirclement, unable to cross the river itself.

国民党“追剿”军达16个师、77个团，布置了四道封锁线。在突破第四道封锁线湘江时，红军在国民党湘军和桂军夹击下，付出了极大牺牲。当时担负掩护任务的红三十四师已不足1000人，成为一支身陷重围、无法过江的孤军。

湘江战役是关系中央红军生死存亡的一战

Faced with a force a dozen times stronger than his own, the division’s commander, Chen Shuxiang was unperturbed. He led the whole division of fighters in fierce resistance, to build a “wall” with their flesh and blood, in a grueling battle which lasted for four days and five nights. His bravery won valuable time for other Red Army units as they crossed the Xiang River. Chen was seriously wounded and captured. As the enemy carried him away to claim for his death, he came to, and twisting his own intestines, he died a hero’s death.

面对十几倍于己的强敌，师长陈树湘一身是胆、毫无惧色。他率领全师战士奋力抵抗，用血肉之躯筑起一道“城墙”，与敌人鏖战四天五夜，为红军渡过湘江赢得了宝贵时间。伤重被俘后，敌人将他抬去邀功途中，他醒了过来，自己绞断肠子，壮烈牺牲。

红军第5军团34师师长陈树湘

2009年被评选为“100位为新中国成立

作出突出贡献的英雄模范人物”

和“100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物”

Sadly, blocked on the east bank of the Xiang River, the 34th Division and the 18th Regiment of the 3rd Red Army Corps, finally ran out of ammunition and food and most of their members died heroically.So much martyr blood flowed into the Xiang River that the local people would say that the “Xiang River water could not be drunk for three years, and its fish could not be eaten for ten.” After eventually crossing the Xiang River, the Central Red Army had been reduced to just over 30,000 troops from more than 86,000 at the outset of the Long March.

被阻在湘江东岸的红三十四师、红三军团第十八团，最后弹尽粮绝，大部英勇就义。烈士鲜血染红了湘江，以至当地百姓中流传着这样一句话:“三年不饮湘江水，十年不食湘江鱼。”渡过湘江后，中央红军从长征出发时的8.6万多人锐减到3万多人。

烈士的浴血奋战不会被人们忘记